fudkjo fï Èhuka;s lshkafka @
Èhuka;s hkq Lkschls' fuh wh;a fjkafka ldnka uQ, o%jH ldKavhghs' Èhuka;s wmg yqÛla ióm ke;s jqk;a wm w;r nyq, j Ndú; jk Èhuka;sfha kEhka f,i ie,lsh yels ldnka úfYaI ;sfí' w.qre bka m%Odkh' wmg jvd;a ióm wfkla úfYaIh ñksrkah' wm ,sùug Ndú; lrk mkaif,ys l+r idod we;af;a ñksrkaj,sks'
Èhuka;s hkq Lkschls' fuh wh;a fjkafka ldnka uQ, o%jH ldKavhghs' Èhuka;s wmg yqÛla ióm ke;s jqk;a wm w;r nyq, j Ndú; jk Èhuka;sfha kEhka f,i ie,lsh yels ldnka úfYaI ;sfí' w.qre bka m%Odkh' wmg jvd;a ióm wfkla úfYaIh ñksrkah' wm ,sùug Ndú; lrk mkaif,ys l+r idod we;af;a ñksrkaj,sks'
w.qre" ñksrka" Èhuka;s wd§ fï ish,a, ye¢kafjkafka msßisÿ ldnka úfYaI f,ihs' fïjd tlsfklska fjkia jkafka fïjdfha ldnka wKq msysgd we;s wdldrhka wkqjh' Èhuka;s b;d oeä ;dmhlg yd mSvkhlg ,laùfuka ks¾udKh jQ iaMálrEmS Crystals of pure Carbon msßisÿ ldnka úfYaIhls' Èhuka;s ks¾udKh ùfï fuu ls%hdj,sh isÿjkafka fmdf<da .¾Nfha§h'
jákdlu w;ska o oeä nj w;ska o fï ñysu; we;s jeä u Lksch jkafka Èhuka;shhs' Èhuka;sh hk jok isxy,hg wdfõ ‘vhukaÙ’ Diamond hk bx.S%is jofkks' ‘vhukaÙ’ hkq ‘wevuia’ adamas hk .S%l jokska ì£ wdjls' tys f;areu ‘fu,a, l< fkdyels’ hkakhs' f,day lsh;lska .ila lmkjd yd myiqfjka Èhuka;s ;=v iys; lemqï WmlrKj,ska ;o mdIdKhla myiqfjka lmd oukakg mq¿jks' iajdNdúlj ,efnk Èhuka;sj,g wu;rj ñksid úiska ks¾udKh l< lD;s%u Èhuka;s o ;sfí' fï lD;s%u Èhuka;s ks¾udKh werUqfKa 1955 §h'
Èhuka;s yefokafka fldfyduo@
Èhuka;s yefokak we;af;a óg jir ñ,shk .Kkdjlg by;§ WKq ,djdj,sks' fï ,djd mD:sú l=yr Tiafia mD:sú u;=msgg .,d tafï § isis,a ù lsïn¾,hsÜ Kimberlite kï ks,ameye mdIdK ;Ügq ks¾udKh úh' Èhuka;s we;af;a fï lsïn¾,hsÜ mdIdK ia;rj,h' Èhuka;s m;,a lrejka lsïn¾,hsÜ mdIdK ia;r y÷kajkafka ‘ks,a mi’ hkqfjks'
Èhuka;s yuq jkafka fldfyao@
f,dj uyoaùm mqrd kkafoiska Èhuka;s fidhd f.k ;sfí' l,la f,dj Èhuka;s mdrd§ih f,i ie,l+fõ bkaÈhdjh' Èhuka;s .ek b;sydih b;d wE;g Èj hkakls' Èhuka;s ms<sn| merKs;u jd¾;d wmg yuqjkafka bkaÈhdfõ ixialD; ,sms f,aLkj,sks' wfma wi,ajeis bkaÈhdfõ Èhuka;s fj<|du meje;s nj ta mqrdK f,aLkj,ska lshefõ' ls'mQ' 4 jeks ishjfia§ muK nqÿrcdKkajykafia jevisá iufha b;d jákd .,a úfYaIhla f,i Èhuka;s y÷kajd § ;snqK o Èhuka;s lemSu yd Tmoeóu .ek úia;r i|yka fkdfõ' uOHu bkaÈhdfõ Èhuka;s mqrjrh f,i f.d,afldkavd kqjrh' mqrdK frdauhg Èhuka;s .sfha bkaÈhdfjks'
fndaksfhda iy n%iS,h
ls%'mQ' 600 § fndaksfhda ¥mf;ka Èhuka;s fidhd .eksK' wo;a Èhuka;s wdlr fndaksfhdafõ olskak ,efí' tajd w.aksÈ. wdishdfõ rgj,g fj<|dï flßKs' bkaÈhdfõ Èhuka;s wvqùu;a iu. f,dalfha wfkla rgj, Èhuka;s fiùu werôKs' Èhuka;s f,dj mqrd me;sr meje;sKs' wE; w;S;fha n%iS,fhka o Èhuka;s fidhd .eKsk' ta 1725 §h'
i;=re n,fõ. mrojk Èhuka;s
Èhuka;s me,£u Okj;a nj m< lsÍfï tla C%uhls' Èhuka;s .,a we,a¨ uqÿ" ud," j,¨" lrdnq wdÈh m,¢kafka ta ksidh' tfy;a w;S;fha § i;=rka m,jd yßkakg Èhuka;s Ndú; lr we;' Èhuka;s me,| isàfuka i;=re n,fõ. mkakd oeóug yels fj;ehs úfoaYslhka úYajdi lf<a hehs ls%'mQ' 3 jeks ishjfia ,shk ,o Ök f,aLkj, i|yka fjhs' Ökfha Èhuka;s wdlr fkdue;' wdNrKj,g Èhuka;s fhdod .ekqfKa o ke;' kuq;a Tjqka Tjqkaf.a fcaÙ ueKsla lemSug Èhuka;s fhdod .;a nj jd¾;dfõ'
reishdj wefußldj yd ´iafÜ%,shdj
reishdfõ o Èhuka;s wdlr ;sfí' ta jhUÈ. ihsîßhdfõh' 1970 oYlfha w.Nd.h jk úg ´iafÜ%,shdfjka o Èhuka;s fidhd .eksK' trg Èhuka;s ksIamdokfhka ishhg 20 la fhdod .efkkafka ld¾ñl wjYH;djka i|ydh' tfia u trg Èhuka;s ksIamdokfhka ishhg 60 la wefußldjg wmkhkh lrhs'
Èhuka;s f,dfõ m%uqLhd ol=Kq wms%ldj
ol=Kq wms%ldfõ lsïn¾,ska ia;rj, wka;¾.; jQ Èhuka;s yuqùu werUqfKa 1867 jif¾§h' wo f,dj úYd,;u Èhuka;s ksIamdolhd ol=Kq wms%ldjh' j¾;udkfha Èhuka;s nyq, j yuqjk wfkla rgj,a we;af;a o wms%ld uydoaùmfha u h' f,dj ld¾ñl wjYH;djka i|yd wjYH Èhuka;s jeäfhka ksIamdokh lrkafka fldxf.da ckrchhs' tfia u wdNrKj,g fhdod .kakd w,xldr TmoeuQ Èhuka;s ksIamdokh w;ska o trg m%isoaêhla Wiq,hs' w,xldr Èhuka;s ksIamdokh lrk wfkla rgj,a w;r >dkdj" keóìhdj iy wekaf.da,dj o lemS fmfkhs'
Èhuka;s lemSu yd Tm oeóu
Èhuka;s lemSu iy Tm oeóu hkq l,djla fuka u úoHdjls' Èhuka;sfha §ma;sh we;s jkafka ta u; jefgk wdf,dalh úúO w;g mrdj¾;kh ùfuks' ta wkqj Èhuka;shl jákdlu jeä fõ' fï ksid jeämqr wdf,dal m%udKhla mrdj¾;kh lsÍug yels jk whqßka Èhuka;shla lmd Tm oeóu wjYH h' oukafka yd lmkafka .Ks; C%u mdol lr .ksñks'
nyq,j oelsh yels f.da,dldr Èhuka;s lmkafka fï .Ks;uh ks¾Kdhlhka yd m%ñ;Skaj,g wkqjh' Èhuka;s lemSu yd Tmoeóu jir .Kkla mqrd j¾Okh fjñka mej; wd l,djls' 1919 jif¾ § .Ks;{hl= yd ueKsla .ek wdidjla yd Wkkaÿjla oelajQ whl= jQ udfi,a fgd,afldaõialS úiska Èhuka;s lemSfï yd Tn oeófï kj C%ufõohka y÷kajd fokq ,eîh'
fï C%ufõohka fhdod .ksñka Èhuka;s lmd TmoeuQ úg tu Èhuka;sh foi by<ska ne¨úg Èhuka;sh mqrd úisÍ ;sfnk wdf,dalhka ukdj fmfkhs' j¾;udkh jk úg tod fgd,afldaõialSf.a C%ufõohkag wu;r j tla jQ kj ;dlaIKsl oekqu o iu. Èhuka;s lemSug mß.Klh fhdod f.k ;sfí' miq.sh oYl fol ;siafia Èhuka;s ms<sn| l< kj wOHhkhka weiqßka ieliqKq mß.Kl uDÿlx. oeka Èhuka;s lemSug yd Tm oeóug fhdod .efka'
Èhuka;sj, meyeh l=ula o@
Èhuka;sj, meyeh j¾K rys; ;;a;ajfha isg l¿ olajd fjkia fõ' ta yefrkakg Èhuka;s iïmQ¾Kfhka úksúo fmfkk" w¾O jYfhka úksúo fmfkk yd fldfy;a u úksúo fkdfmfkk jYfhka o j¾. l< yelsh' ta wkqj tjeks Èhuka;sj, meyeh ta u; m;s; jk wdf,dalh yd tys we;s miqìu wkqj fjkia úh yelsh'
fndfyda jákd Èhuka;s j¾K rys;h' úksúo fmfkkiq¨h' j¾K rys; fyda <d ks,a meye;s Èhuka;s fufia jákdlñka jeä fjhs' w,xldrh msKsi fhdod .kakd Èhuka;s w;ßka f,dj mqrd jeäfhka we;af;a §ma;su;a <d ly meyefhka hqla; tajdh' fïjdfha we;s wiSñ; ;o nj ksid Èhuka;s ld¾ñl lghq;=j,g nyq, j fhdod .efka' fufia fhdod .kakd Èhuka;s j¾. fndfyduhla w¿ fyda ÿUqre fyda meyefhka hqla;h' ke;skï w¾O jYfhka úksúo fmfkk fyda iïmQ¾Kfhka úksúo fkdfmfkk tajdh'
Èhuka;s ukskak fhdod .kakd ‘lerÜ’
uq;= ueKsla uekSu i|yd Ndú;d lrkafka ‘lerÜ’ Carat h' r;a;rkaj, msßisÿ nj ukskak uQ,sl jYfhka fhdodf.k we;s fuu tallg miqj uq;= ueKsla yd Èhuka;s uekSugo fhdod .eKsk' lerÜ 1 la hkq uhsfl%da .%Eï 200 ^wjqxi 0'007055 ke;skï f.a%kaia 3'086& ls' 1907 § y÷kajd fok ,o fuh ye¢kafjkafka fug%sla lerÜ hkqfjks'
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